The most consequential arms race in the world right now isn't nuclear, it's software. Craig Smith speaks with Alexander Palamarchuk, an engineer in the R&D department of Ukraine's Azov Brigade, calling in from approximately 18 kilometers from the front line in the Pokrovsk region. What emerges is one of the most technically candid accounts available of what drone warfare actually looks like from the inside: how Ukraine went from homemade reconnaissance drones in 2014 to AI-guided systems being developed and tested in real combat today, how the jamming arms race has forced his unit to develop custom frequency systems spanning 100 to 3,000 megahertz in a constant search for clean windows Russia hasn't yet closed, and why the tank - once the defining weapon of land warfare - has been reduced on the modern battlefield to a mobile jamming platform.
The most important distinction Alexander draws is one that rarely surfaces in mainstream coverage: AI already exists that can recognize and classify vehicles and people with high accuracy. The unsolved problem isn't recognition, it's discrimination, determining with certainty whether a recognized target is military or civilian. That gap is the only thing standing between today's AI-assisted drones and fully autonomous lethal systems, and Alexander puts the timeline for closing it at approximately two years. The US maintains an official policy of not developing fully autonomous lethal weapons for ethical reasons. On the battlefield 18 kilometers from where Alexander is speaking, that policy is being outpaced in real time, and he is clear that NATO's software advantage positions Western countries to win that race before anyone else gets there.
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[00:00:00] [SPEAKER_01] The U.S. has said that we'll not develop fully autonomous lethal weapons for ethical reasons, but it seems on the battlefield every side is trying to get an advantage. In two years you'll be able to field fully autonomous drones. I mean that's a frightening world. I would guess that technology is going to be on the battlefield very soon if it's not there already.
[00:00:26] [SPEAKER_00] The drone with AI is on the battlefield around the sun. There is some part of AI that would recognize some targets, but it could recognize example right target or wrong. It's very good to be a drug license vehicle, but it is not good enough to know is it enemy or not. And that's the problem. The NATO countries are trying to get the right weapon. I mean right model shoes. They are trying to do studies as well.
[00:00:54] [SPEAKER_01] I mean right now. Paradise is the call sign of a man named Alexander, a Ukrainian drone specialist serving with the Azov Corps of the Ukrainian National Guard. Azov began in 2014 as a volunteer battalion. It drew international notoriety for its links to far-right movements and was later incorporated into Ukraine's National Guard,
[00:01:21] [SPEAKER_01] where it has grown in one of the country's most prominent combat formations. Paradise joined in 2023 and now works in an R&D unit developing drone technology near the front. I spoke with him remotely about jamming, autonomous navigation, AI target recognition, and how drones are rapidly reshaping the battlefield and the future of warfare.
[00:01:49] [SPEAKER_01] First of all, I wanted to ask you about the history of Azov when you joined, when Azov started using technology.
[00:01:59] [SPEAKER_00] I was joined in 2023 and worked only with drones. It is the different kinds of drones. If you are talking about Azov, as I know, the first usage of drones in Azov was like in 2017.
[00:02:25] [SPEAKER_00] They were used to reconnaissance firstly and then to strike some bombs.
[00:02:32] [SPEAKER_01] To strike drones as anti-drone warfare? Is that what you mean?
[00:02:38] [SPEAKER_00] They were used to hit different kinds of targets. As a fast forward, it was used to reconnaissance drones. So you can just be in some kind of drones and use them when you can even see your enemy with your own eyes. But it gives you a good angle to view what is going on on the enemy side. Right.
[00:03:08] [SPEAKER_01] Right. But the war didn't start, the invasion didn't happen until 2022. So in 2017, where were you using this?
[00:03:20] [SPEAKER_00] Actually, it started in 2014 for us. Actually, even on YouTube, you can find a video with Russian regular army in Donetsk region. So it was used to with the same enemy from 2014. I see. Yeah. In Donetsk. That was started with own-made drones.
[00:03:44] [SPEAKER_00] And then when some kind of DJI fandom survived, guys tried to use them. And as I know, they were glad that it gives good possibility for reconnaissance.
[00:04:01] [SPEAKER_01] Okay. And when you joined, they were still using a DJI or home-built or when you joined the effort?
[00:04:12] Yeah.
[00:04:13] [SPEAKER_00] Yeah. Yeah. Even for now, we are using some Mavic and Matrice drones for reconnaissance for some kind of bombers with light bombs. Mainly, we use them as bomber. And now, on this here, we use them mostly for reconnaissance.
[00:04:34] [SPEAKER_00] Because for now, we have more possibilities and to take bigger bombs or fly lambda, stay in the air for longer. Actually, they have good cameras now. And we are on the way to change the Chinese drones for our own-made drones.
[00:05:00] [SPEAKER_00] I mean, Ukraine-made drones or our partners-made drones. We are on the way for this.
[00:05:07] [SPEAKER_01] One of the big problems with drones on both sides is jamming. And I've seen all of these different jamming systems, but also systems to evade Russian jamming. I mean, how do you handle that? I know there's the fiber optic line that unspools up to 40 kilometers or something.
[00:05:37] [SPEAKER_01] But I've also seen drones with Starlinks mounted on them. So there's satellite communications, which I understand is unjammable. Can you talk about the jamming issue on both sides?
[00:05:55] [SPEAKER_00] Yeah, I can. I will divide it into three parts. Like radio, fiber optic and internet connection. Let's just start with radio. This is a classic drone switch I started to use in 2023. First, we use its common frequencies. The same as LTE, for example, or some 2.4 GHz.
[00:06:26] [SPEAKER_00] It was regular. Then we meet some jamming from enemy side. So we are trying to use the possibilities which we have had with ELRS. And we can move from 700 MHz up to 1000 MHz. And in this frequency range, we are trying to find the possibilities for us to fly over the enemy side.
[00:06:54] [SPEAKER_00] And actually until I guess the mid of 2024, it was more than enough. Then we moved to our LRS maybe, you know, kind of ELRS which are made in Ukraine. This is a part of, this is based on common ELRS, but it's made for our needs.
[00:07:22] [SPEAKER_00] To have a stronger communication with the drone and ground station, which was helpful to fight the jamming. For 20-25 years, we moved to not regular ELRS receivers, transmitters.
[00:07:43] [SPEAKER_00] And for now we can use almost from 100 MHz up to 3000 MHz. And we are trying to find some frequency ranges where can we work freely. And it's mostly depends on where you're trying to fly.
[00:08:07] [SPEAKER_00] Just for example, we couldn't fly to criminal region on common frequencies, but the guys here who stand five kilometers next to us could freely fly on this frequency some point of interest and we're good for them.
[00:08:30] [SPEAKER_00] So we moved to, we are trying to resolve our problems and try to find the solution for this by ourselves in the unit. For now we are using not ELRS for radio communication, but some kind of Ukrainian stuff or our partner stuff.
[00:08:58] [SPEAKER_01] Okay. And then what about internet communication via satellite?
[00:09:03] [SPEAKER_00] Actually, maybe you know some, some names of drones that use it even from 2022 or 2023. Like MADIS or something like that. This is, this is a common internet connection. Actually, we are Starlink or some satellites like this.
[00:09:27] [SPEAKER_00] That's all actually what is, there is nothing, there is no actually secret from this. So you can use MADIS or you can use MADIS or some local network or something like this. And you have your control and you carry video from Android.
[00:09:51] [SPEAKER_00] So it gives you possibilities to fly where the something else wouldn't, wouldn't fly. You will have actually no problems to fly over some kind of buildings or something like that even. I know far from the ground stage.
[00:10:13] [SPEAKER_01] Is there a possibility to jam the Starlink connection?
[00:10:18] [SPEAKER_00] I guess that is possible. So we know actually what happened in Iran. So it is possible. I haven't made it on battleground for now, but I think that is possible. Somehow. It is not, this is not the thing where you could find easily, but you need some kind of very expensive stuff,
[00:10:48] [SPEAKER_00] which could easily be hit by something else.
[00:10:52] [SPEAKER_01] Are the Russians also using something like Starlink?
[00:10:57] [SPEAKER_00] Yeah. Yeah. You can find even videos where they are using Starlink.
[00:11:04] Right.
[00:11:05] [SPEAKER_01] And so at this point, neither side has an advantage. Is that right? With technology.
[00:11:12] [SPEAKER_00] This is the kind of characteristic of our nation that we could find the solution in our own unit by one person. And when you are trying to solve some problem, like UI jammed or something else you can find actually even in three parts of the internet. Very, very, very many. And very much information about what you can do with it.
[00:11:42] [SPEAKER_00] And this is good when we have some kind of engineers who can solve this problem. So we are good at making some very interesting projects or very interesting solutions to some kind of jamming, if you are talking about jamming.
[00:12:06] [SPEAKER_00] But I guess the Russians are good to do it more, I guess, in kinds of, as a part of system. They are good at producing many, many, many drones and this, of using these kinds of communication, for example.
[00:12:32] [SPEAKER_01] Are you guys using any artificial intelligence in your...
[00:12:37] [SPEAKER_00] We are using this as early programmers to make our lives with code, it's much, much easier. For example, actually, I mean, very... Using, when we are working with some data. For example, it is very helpful too. Yeah. It's a common, I guess, as a way to use AI.
[00:13:06] [SPEAKER_00] When we use it in actually the same way.
[00:13:11] [SPEAKER_01] Yeah. And that's, are you using cloud code or what model are you using for...
[00:13:19] [SPEAKER_00] Actually, when we have something we should code, we are trying in this model, this model, this model, and which would get us better results. But we use that. So I couldn't tell this one model is great for us, but they use different models, which works well. Okay. We use it.
[00:13:44] [SPEAKER_01] Yeah. And are you using AI in drone... To help the drone navigate or in to auto-nive? Yes, of course. How you're using...
[00:14:00] [SPEAKER_00] There are two kinds of auto-recognition for drones, like where you track some pixels or when you recognize some kind of UAVs or something like that. Or not UAVs, but some kind of cars.
[00:14:20] [SPEAKER_00] So when you're tracking the pixels, you move some little, for example, forest and you just lose your target and the drone could recognize this far. This is armored vehicle or this is civilian cars. It's not the great, but because you always... The operator should track what the drone is doing. You could... You should... You must, actually.
[00:14:49] [SPEAKER_00] You couldn't use drone as like move to this area and hit everything you see. Because you need to recognize this civilian car or this already destroyed car or something. All of this. And we are... If you're talking about AI models for auto-recognition, they are much clever. They are much more clever.
[00:15:16] [SPEAKER_00] They can recognize by the drone. Is this correct target for hit or this isn't. What operator should be present in the drone control just in the case that this should be enemy.
[00:15:40] [SPEAKER_01] The operator should... So you're saying that there are models for recognizing objects. And what about navigation? I mean, how autonomous are the drones today?
[00:15:58] [SPEAKER_01] You know, there's FPV, of course, where the operator is watching through a screen, either goggles or on a screen and guiding the drone that way. But if you have object recognition in the drone, can you do...
[00:16:25] [SPEAKER_01] Can you make it autonomous so that once it locks on an object, you no longer have to guide it?
[00:16:32] [SPEAKER_00] There's a case where the AI is helped. And of course, it could crack the drone correctly. If you are talking about navigation, I guess you know that the GNSS is almost everywhere is jammed. And the other is about ground. So we are... We have two ways to resolve this problem with that the drone couldn't navigate by itself. Because of GNSS jamming.
[00:17:01] [SPEAKER_00] This one is visual positioning. And the drone should have a camera on the bottom of it. And it's... It's a check what is above this. And... It compares to maps, which preloaded to the drone. And the result also. I'm here.
[00:17:29] [SPEAKER_00] So it can move to a position where you need it. With some kind of accuracy. There's some problems with accuracy up to 50 meters, for example. Different... You know, position gives different results. And... And... Other...
[00:17:58] [SPEAKER_00] Other way to solve these problems, to use beacons. Like... If one communicates with ground statement, with one, two, three... Beacons. And it gives you a point where it is. Depends on the time with... To... Which it communicates with beacon, with ground stations. It compares... The time it needs to...
[00:18:29] [SPEAKER_00] Communicate with... Ground station. Beacons. It gives a different time. So you know, you are closer to ground station and more... And... Far from beacon. You know. This time needs to... To... To... To... To... To... To... To... To... To... To... If you have... 60 milliseconds.
[00:18:58] [SPEAKER_00] You are far as about 6 kilometers. And... Beacons help... To... And will age where you are. I see.
[00:19:09] [SPEAKER_01] Yeah. Uh... And... Uh... Have you guys experimented with fully autonomous drones? Yep. Yep. You do. Can you tell me how that works?
[00:19:24] [SPEAKER_00] Uh... Actually, you just place this one on the ground. Uh... Then you... Um... Make some kind of function for it. Uh... It's a takeoff by itself. So that calibrate, for example, compass or maps or finding the...
[00:19:45] Uh...
[00:19:45] [SPEAKER_00] Uh... Radio link with beacons. On the front of this. And then move to the place or area where it should be. Uh... Then... Uh... That's the case. Uh... Where is... Uh... Uh... I... I need it. Uh... Cause the problem is that you should, uh... More of that it is correct target. Uh... Uh... Just for now. It is impossible to, uh... Hit only enemy target.
[00:20:15] [SPEAKER_00] So it would be civilian. So you couldn't hit this kind of target. This is civilian car. Even if enemy uses civilian cars as its arm. So you... This... Uh... We couldn't hit this kind of target. So you need... So be sure that it is enemy 100%. Uh... That's operating it. Um... Um... If it is not, uh... Uh... Coming considered wrong. Uh...
[00:20:44] [SPEAKER_00] It is possible to make... So you'll fail to know a solution. So just move to this area. Watch this. Watch this. Watch this. And then it returns back.
[00:20:54] [SPEAKER_01] Are the Russians using fully autonomous? From what you can see?
[00:20:59] [SPEAKER_00] Uh... I guess... We... We know about hits. Uh... It's... Using GNSS, some kind of CRPA antennas. And... Uh... It needs... Uh... Many jammers to jam CRPA antenna. So... Up to... I guess... They have some problems with this for now. Uh... Cause we saw... Uh... CRPA antennas with... 16 elements.
[00:21:28] [SPEAKER_00] So you need... 16 jammers. To jam this. Uh... Uh... They moved to Starlink. For now they're using it. Uh... If you saw the... The one was... The one was... They hit the train. Civilian train which... Moves to... Uh... Arky... Or... In fact, you've lost. I guess... Up to... Even... Even now you could find some... Uh... Drones fully automated.
[00:21:58] [SPEAKER_00] They just... Uh... They just... Take over this and... Move to this area. Hit... Hit this. And if it would be jammed, it hits... Anyway, it would. I don't know. Uh... If the drone thinks... Is there... Uh... To hit this. Or... Even if it jammed.
[00:22:19] [SPEAKER_01] Yeah. I mean... I mean... Because... The Russians don't seem worried about civilian casualties... On the Ukrainian side. Uh... So... I'm wondering if they're gonna... Move to fully autonomous that will... Target any... Uh... Any vehicle or... Any... Uh... Uh... Person in the... In its range.
[00:22:47] [SPEAKER_00] Naturally... It's... Uh... It's much easier for them. They don't care about any... Civilians or something like that. If you could... Uh... Hit any target... That can... That move faster, for example, than 20 kilometers... And a car with your car. Uh... This is a target. It's much easier than... If you can... Just... Uh... Move to this area. Hit everything that is moving. So...
[00:23:16] [SPEAKER_00] Uh... It's much easier than... It's... It's... It's... It's... It's much easier than... Too many civilians was heated like this. Uh... Actually, they even have... Telegram channels... Where... They... Show that... Oh... This... Was a... Woman... With a... For example... Bicycle... Hit it. Uh... Even in...
[00:23:45] [SPEAKER_00] With Mavic... In manual control... They saw what they did. It's okay for them. So... It's... Much easier for them to make some... Absolutely... Uh... Uh... Autonomous missions... Because they... Uh... Shouldn't care about the type of... That's... Where... Hit it.
[00:24:04] [SPEAKER_01] I mean... Do you analyze... The remains... To see what kind of... I don't know if there would be anything left... But to see how autonomous the Russian drones have become? I mean... Do you periodically... Uh... Capture one before it's... Uh... Detonated... And... And... Look at how it's... Being guided? Yes...
[00:24:29] [SPEAKER_00] Of course... Of course... We are trying to... Get something... Interesting from... Their engineers... Absolutely... Confident... They... They... They... Do something like... We do... They are trying to... Reproduce our good... Ideas... We are trying to... Reproduce their good ideas... And...
[00:24:59] [SPEAKER_00] The... The device that... Should work... Right... Um... Because... If you don't want to use good idea of your enemy... You will use some kind of... Yeah... Of course... Yeah... Those are good ideas... Uh... They inherit... Uh... This... Is very...
[00:25:19] Uh...
[00:25:20] [SPEAKER_00] Defectious... They can produce a lot... Uh... And... This is... Uh... Uh... This kind of drones... Uh... Isn't so accurate... For now... But... They are using some... Mesh systems... Some... Starlings... To... Make it...
[00:25:41] Uh...
[00:25:42] [SPEAKER_00] To have a control of it... To get a video from them... To get some... Kind of telemetry from them... Uh...
[00:25:49] Um...
[00:25:50] [SPEAKER_00] Actually... Everyone wanted to... Have a... A... Super autonomous drone... Just... Press 6 to win... Just... Press 6... 10,000 of drones fly... Hit... Uh... Every enemy... Uh... But... For now... I see that... Both sides of this conflict... Of... Our war... Trying to get... As much control... Drone... As it was... That's where we... Uh... Everyone's trying to use in some...
[00:26:20] [SPEAKER_00] Uh... Network systems... Uh... Like Mesh... Or Starlinks... Or any kind of... Uh... Internet connection to the drone...
[00:26:30] [SPEAKER_01] Yeah... Uh... I mean... What you said about launching... You know... 10,000 drones at once... Uh... Do you think... If the war continues... It'll get to that point... Uh... That... That... Russia could launch... 10,000... Autonomous drones... Uh... So... So... The drones... Uh... Kill everything... Or... Or... Hit everything... That's moving... Uh... I mean... That's pretty frightening... Do you think...
[00:26:57] [SPEAKER_00] The drones... That Russia is... The closer to this... Uh... Than we are... Actually... Uh... Uh...
[00:27:06] [SPEAKER_01] Yeah... Except that... Except that as you said... You're... You're fighting over Ukrainian territory... And you don't wanna... Hit Ukrainian civilians... Uh...
[00:27:18] [SPEAKER_00] Actually... You know... We have... The Ukrainian army... We have an invasion... In... Uh... Russia... And... The same... The same thing... The civilian... You couldn't hit it... But we saw this... This... Uh... Battalion commander here... Of Russian army... No... We couldn't... Just civilians... And... Uh... The... The partners... Looks... What we are doing... They saw... They try not...
[00:27:47] [SPEAKER_00] To hit... Civilians... Uh... As possible... So... That's... One of the problems... To use... Uh... Civilized Autonomous... Uh... The drone files... Uh... But it is possible... To make... Some kind of... Uh... Autonomous... Uh... Or... Or... To use... Uh... When you... Food in heat... So... Uh... Is it... Uh... Do we...
[00:28:17] [SPEAKER_00] Uh... Close to... Uh... The... Live... 10,000... For example... 10,000 drones... But... Surely... Yes... I guess... The... Two... Three years... We have the situation... We have the situation... We would... Launch... Many... Many... The problem is... Uh... You said correctly... The navigation of the drone... If you have some kind of systems that... Uh...
[00:28:47] [SPEAKER_00] Could... Uh... Uh... And... Recognize... The enemy... Correctly... Without... Hitting... Any wrong targets... It's possible to... Use... Many... Autonomous drones... The... One... This problem... With... 10,000... You could... You could have... So much place to launch... There... Actually... It... Takes... Uh... Much time to... Um...
[00:29:16] [SPEAKER_00] Prepare for launch... Two... Three years... It will be possible... One... I... I... I... Am... With... One... Station drones... At... One... Time... But... I think it is possible to make... If it is fully autonomous drone... If you don't need to control drones...
[00:29:39] Uh...
[00:29:40] [SPEAKER_00] That... It's... Uh... Much easier... As ever... If you need to control any... Of drones... For example... This... 1,100... You need to control this in this time... It's... Uh... Much harder... Than to make it fully autonomous...
[00:30:00] [SPEAKER_01] Yeah... So you say in two years... It's possible that... Uh... You would have... You would be able to launch... 10,000... Autonomous drones... I mean... You mean the tech will be... There...
[00:30:14] [SPEAKER_00] Uh... Yes... So... Actually it could be... Even... In this... Year... Not about 10,000... But... Even if you could... It's... Like hard to deal with it...
[00:30:31] [SPEAKER_01] I mean... Do you worry though... That Russia is going that direction?
[00:30:38] [SPEAKER_00] Everyone... Everyone is going this direction... Russia... Ukraine... And... Anyone who wanted to have... Uh... An... Up-to-date... Weapon... They are about... A... Fully autonomous weapons... That could... Recognize it... Correct target... They are... That... Couldn't be jammed... Or... Things like that... Everyone wants... This kind of weapon...
[00:31:07] [SPEAKER_01] Yeah... And the development... Because... I mean... There's the... Hardware production... But a lot of that is... Software... Is the AI... Do you have... Yeah...
[00:31:17] [SPEAKER_00] Of course... Absolutely...
[00:31:20] [SPEAKER_01] Yeah... And... And... And... Do you have... Uh... AI... Developers... They are working... On... Models... Because... That kind of... Model exists... Today... Uh...
[00:31:31] [SPEAKER_00] Yep... Yes... We have... Not only one... Many of them... Uh... Uh... The... NET... Uh... Countries... Uh... Trying to get... Uh... study this model correctly.
[00:31:59] [SPEAKER_00] USA, actually, anyone who wanted this kind of drone are on the way to have this. They're trying to use AI. They're trying to place it on the drone and test it in our background.
[00:32:18] [SPEAKER_01] Yeah. I mean, the reason I ask so much about this is the U.S. has said that it will not develop fully autonomous lethal weapons for ethical reasons, but it seems on the battlefield, every side is trying to get an advantage, and that would be an obvious advantage.
[00:32:48] [SPEAKER_01] And you said everyone's working in that direction. And you said in two years, you'll be able to field fully autonomous drones. I mean, that's a frightening world if two armies have huge numbers of fully autonomous drones that would kill every living thing in a certain zone.
[00:33:17] [SPEAKER_01] Is that where warfare is headed, do you think?
[00:33:22] [SPEAKER_00] Even in this century, we will see the conflict with... if it would lead enough conflict with... some kind of big countries, which you have... wanted to have very expensive weapons. It would... Yes. So... This is just my opinion. But... You know,
[00:33:52] [SPEAKER_00] everyone knows it. Canis are trying to get this kind of drones. They are testing their... their... software here. They send people... their... their people here... to get some kind of...
[00:34:13] experience...
[00:34:14] [SPEAKER_00] from our... actually, the rules of the war just to... and... just... for example, the heavy armored vehicle like tanks. Russians, for example, and their assaults, don't use the tanks as attacks. This is a... armored... uh... vehicle. Just armored vehicle. And nothing. And... they take...
[00:34:43] [SPEAKER_00] some infantry on them. And... the one reason is... if you have a big, big, big jammer on it, and move as far as... it gets. So... Tank even... isn't a tank. Actually... the artillery is suffering from drones. Infantry is suffering from drones. Everything is suffering from drones. And... as war, we would have... the rules...
[00:35:13] [SPEAKER_00] this... this war provides new rules... of what we are doing, what we are... afraid of... is some kind of... autonomous drone is present here, of course. It's very good at recognizing... but... it is... not good enough... to know... is it enemy or not. And that's the problem. And... this is... the... what... is... much easier for us.
[00:35:42] [SPEAKER_00] If you don't care about... is it enemy or just vehicle... you can just hit. And... this is the point. They have... drones with AI... just... like... U2V... or something like that. but... they don't have... many of them. They have... many... stupid... stupid drones... that... you should... have a... rate... as it moves... recognize the target...
[00:36:12] [SPEAKER_00] hit the target... but... don't have many... of smart drones. Bumblebee is... smart drone... but... Russia... don't have... something like that.
[00:36:27] [SPEAKER_01] I would guess... that... that... technology... is gonna be on the battlefield... very soon... if it's not... there already. Is that... is... is that fair to say?
[00:36:41] [SPEAKER_00] Yeah... as I saw... later... the drone with AI... is on a battlefield... for now. They are present here. But... they couldn't... recognize... with... 100% accuracy... that it is... target... what... you should hit. And this is a problem...
[00:37:05] because...
[00:37:06] [SPEAKER_00] they... they could use... just civilian cards... just... civilian cards... and use it as your own... so... would you hit it? Or wouldn't you hit it? Is... the drone... just have no information... it is... they saw the car... they recognize it as a car... but... the operator should understand... is it enemy car? For example... if you are... if you have a rear... where there is... no civilians...
[00:37:35] [SPEAKER_00] absolutely no civilians... you can... use autonomous mission... any car... just hit it. But... if you are... know that... there is some civilians... could be there... or you couldn't... use... this kind of issues.
[00:37:50] [SPEAKER_01] Does OZOV have just... one R&D group... or many R&D groups... around the country?
[00:37:57] [SPEAKER_00] Um... actually... for now... many units... have R&D groups... with... different... with different results... I would say... this way... with different results... some of them... are good... some of them... are... not so good... they are... trying to... find... their ways... for example... in OZO... as I know... who...
[00:38:26] [SPEAKER_00] I am on the local... and... some other... R&D group is present...
[00:38:34] really...
[00:38:35] [SPEAKER_00] I... I know some people... from other R&D groups... and... they are doing... their stuff... we are doing... our stuff... sometimes... we are doing... in... communication... and... as usually... we are... different... in deep parts...
[00:38:57] [SPEAKER_01] Yeah... and can I ask... in... your group... or... is the primary focus... navigation... jamming... or... object recognition? I mean... which is most important? I mean... target recognition?
[00:39:17] [SPEAKER_00] I understand... actually... we are... finally... focused on... navigation... we... have some... good results in it... I... I would also... tell about this... we are... we are... we are... make some results... about... some kind of... recognition... this is... an extra... when you... can move to... this... then...
[00:39:47] [SPEAKER_00] you can... use... some kind of recognition... for now... we are focused on...
[00:39:53] navigation...
[00:39:54] [SPEAKER_00] but... if we are talking about... autonomy smith...
[00:39:57] the...
[00:39:59] [SPEAKER_00] we... step... first of all... navigation... then... of course... this navigation... is a natural... reconnaissance... and... this... it could... do some... even... without... without... recognition... and then... we... just... work with this...
[00:40:20] [SPEAKER_01] the... yeah... and... again... on the models... the AI models... uh... you don't wanna say... where you're getting them... is that right? and... and on the... chips... what... where... are you... getting the... the... semiconductors... to run the models?
[00:40:41] [SPEAKER_00] uh... actually... uh... this is not a secret... everyone uses... some kind of... Chinese... semiconductors... but now... we are trying to... move on... Ukrainian... and... we... actually... have... good results in it... we have... actually... even... many kinds of... absolutely... Ukrainian drones... with... with AI in it... or...
[00:41:10] without...
[00:41:10] [SPEAKER_00] uh... and... we have... good drones from our partners... actually... it's... absolutely true... uh... actually... NATO countries... are... very... very... good... at... software part... but... as you understand... the problem of... automissions... is mostly... software... NATO countries... is... much... much... closer... to have... absolutely... autonomous... weapon...
[00:41:39] [SPEAKER_00] than... any other...
[00:41:41] turn... things... a better... we are... to have... Thank you.